| 초록 |
Lee, Jong Kun & Wright, Jocelyn. (2017). Syntactic and semantic differences between complements and adjuncts in English. The Linguistic Association of Korea Journal, 25(4). 143-166. The distinction between complements and adjuncts plays an important role in syntax and semantics. The purpose of this study is to investigate syntactic and semantic differences between the two in English. Previous studies make use of a group of syntactic tests including the do so test and iterability test and adopt a set of semantic criteria to distinguish complements from adjuncts. Most researchers (Dowty 2000, Aarts 2013, among others) assume that dependents of a predicate can be exhaustively divided into complements and adjuncts. Expanding Grimshaws (1990) idea, DeArmond & Hedberg (1998, 2009), however, argue that some dependents of predicates are neither complements nor adjuncts. They refer to these as secondary complements. DeArmond & Hedberg (1998, 2009) claim that prepositional phrases (PPs) denoting a location are adjuncts, and PPs denoting a goal or source are primary complements. This study, however, argues that some location-denoting PPs are neither pure complements nor pure adjuncts, but a mixed category (adjunct-complements) sharing the properties of both. Moreover, it shows that a set of syntactic tests and semantic criteria indicate that verbs such as live, stand, and reside require location-denoting PPs as adjunct-complements, and verbs such as appear, step, march, and land take goal-denoting or source-denoting PPs as adjunct-complements. |
