대한언어학회 전자저널

Choe, Jinsun. (2018). L2 acquisition of raising revisited: The role of the experiencer phrase. The Linguistic Association of Korea Journal, 26(2), 21-38. This study presents two experiments with native Korean-speaking adults, the results of which concern the role of the experiencer phrase in their acquisition of English raising constructions. In the first experiment, 101 Korean learners of English were asked to identify the null infinitival subjects in English raising constructions containing a medial or a fronted experiencer phrase. The results showed that the participants performance was better when the experiencer was moved to the beginning of the sentence. The second experiment, an acceptability judgment task with twenty-eight Korean-speaking adults, demonstrated that an experiencer phrase is not permitted in Korean raising constructions, regardless of its position. This suggests that the results of the first experiment do not reflect the influence of L1 grammar. Thus, the L2 learners difficulty with medial experiencer phrases may be better explained by the notion of intervention effects reported in previous works, rather than by L1 transfer.

# subject-to-subject raising # experiencer # intervention effects # second language acquisition

• Borer, H., & Wexler, K. (1987). The maturation of syntax. In T. Roeper, & E. Williams (Eds.), Parameter setting (pp. 123-172). Dordrecht: Reidel.
• Brown, L. (2015). Honorifics and Politeness. In L. Brown, & J. Yeon (Eds.), The handbook of Korean linguistics (pp. 303-319). Malden, MA: Wiley-Blackwell.
• Choe, H.-S. (1988). Restructuring parameters and complex predicates. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, MIT, Cambridge, MA.
• Choe, J. (2016). Intervention effects in the comprehension of English raising constructions by Korean learners. Korean Journal of Linguistics, 41(4), 741-759.
• Choe, J., & Deen, K. (2016). Children’s difficulty with raising: A performance account. Language Acquisition, 23(2), 112-141.
• Choe, J.-W. (2004). Obligatory honorification and the honorific feature. Studies in Generative Grammar, 14(4), 545-559.
• Crain, S., & McKee, C. (1985). The acquisition of structural restrictions on anaphora. In S. Berman, J.-W. Choe, & J. McDonough (Eds.), Proceedings of the 16th Annual Meeting of the North East Linguistic Society (NELS) (pp. 94-110). GLSA Publications.
• Crain, S., & Thornton, R. (1998). Investigations in universal grammar: A guide to experiments in the acquisition of syntax and semantics. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
• Friedmann, N., Belletti, A., & Rizzi, L. (2009). Relativized relatives: Types of intervention in the acquisition of A-bar dependencies. Lingua, 119, 67-88.
• Hirsch, C. (2011). The acquisition of raising. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA.
• Hirsch, C., Orfitelli, R., & Wexler, K. (2007). When seem means think: The role of the experiencer-phrase in children’s comprehension of raising. In A. Belikova, L. Meroni, & M. Umeda (Eds.), Proceedings of the 2nd Conference on Generative Approaches to Language Acquisition North America (GALANA) (pp. 135-146). Somerville, MA: Cascadilla Proceedings Project.
• Hirsch, C., & Wexler, K. (2007). The late acquisition of raising: What children seem to think about seem. In S. Dubinsky & B. Davies (Eds.), New horizons in the analysis of control and raising (pp. 35-70). New York, NY: Springer.
• Hyams, N., & Snyder, W. (2005). Young children never smuggle: Reflexive clitics and the universal freezing hypothesis. Paper presented at the 30th Annual Boston University Conference on Language Development (BUCLD), Boston, MA.
• Orfitelli, R. (2012). Argument intervention in the acquisition of A-movement. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of California, Los Angeles.
• Postal, P. (1974). On raising. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
• Rosenbaum, P. S. (1967). The grammar of English predicate complement constructions. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
• Schulz, B. (2006). Wh-scope marking in English interlanguage grammars: Transfer and processing effects on the second language acquisition of complex wh-questions. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of Hawaii.
• Sohn, H.-M. (1999). The Korean language. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
• Um, H.-J. (2010). A-movement and pro in Korean. Studies in Modern Grammar, 59, 67-88.